AEM/CQ5 Guide Architect

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AEM/CQ5 WCM Developer's Guide

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AEM/CQ5:User Guide

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AEM:Architecture

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AEM/CQ5.6.1:Introduction

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Searching:Linear Search

/** * */ package com.developerstpoint.jeetendra; import java.util.Scanner; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class LinearSearch { public static void linearsearch(int numberarray[],int numberforsearch){ int i; int arrlength = numberarray.length-1; for(i = 0; i <=arrlength ; i++){ if(numberarray[i] == numberforsearch){ System.out.println("Number is searched at "+(i+1)+ " position of Number Array" ); /* For sigle search uncomment the break */ //break; } } if(i== arrlength){ System.out.println("Searching Element is Absent"); } } public static void main(String...linearsearch){ Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter the number of element of numberarray"); int elementsnumber = sc.nextInt(); int []numberarray = new int[elementsnumber]; for(int i =0; i<numberarray.length; i++){ System.out.println("Enter the Element Of Array"); numberarray[i]=sc.nextInt(); System.out.println(numberarray[i]+" "); } for(int i =0; i<numberarray.length; i++){ System.out.print(numberarray[i]+" "); } System.out.println("Enter the number for search"); int numberforsearch = sc.nextInt(); linearsearch(numberarray,numberforsearch); } } /*Here I have search an element for multiple times in number array. * * * Enter the number of element of numberarray 5 Enter the Element Of Array 1 1 Enter the Element Of Array 5 5 Enter the Element Of Array 2 2 Enter the Element Of Array 2 2 Enter the Element Of Array 5 5 1 5 2 2 5 Enter the number for search 2 Number is searched at 3 position of Number Array Number is searched at 4 position of Number Array */ /*Above code locate Multiple instance of element to found, *you can modify it for single occurrence of same element as making *break keyword as uncomment *and count how many times it occur in the list. Similarly *you can find if an alphabet is present in a string. */

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WS:Introduction

Fig: Service Using Without WebService

Fig: WebService[Cross PlateForm Client-Server Communication]

Fig: Client-UDDI-End_Point_Service_Location

Importatnt Elements Of WSDL:-

There are five main elements of WSDL(wiz-dull) file which are given below:-

1-Service

2-Binding

3-Port Type

4-Message

5-Types

Fig:- High Level Architecture: WSDL

Here ,Sample of WSDL file is given below and also each main elements has been explained:-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <wsdl:definitions targetNamespace="http://jeetendra.developerstpoint.com" xmlns:apachesoap="http://xml.apache.org/xml-soap" xmlns:impl="http://jeetendra.developerstpoint.com" xmlns:intf="http://jeetendra.developerstpoint.com" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:wsdlsoap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <!--WSDL created by Apache Axis version: 1.4 Built on Apr 22, 2006 (06:55:48 PDT)--> <b><wsdl:types></b> <schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://jeetendra.developerstpoint.com" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <element name="add"> <complexType> <sequence> <element name="number1" type="xsd:int"/> <element name="number2" type="xsd:int"/> </sequence> </complexType> </element> <element name="addResponse"> <complexType> <sequence> <element name="addReturn" type="xsd:int"/> </sequence> </complexType> </element> </schema> </wsdl:types> <wsdl:message name="addRequest"> <wsdl:part element="impl:add" name="parameters"> </wsdl:part> </wsdl:message> <wsdl:message name="addResponse"> <wsdl:part element="impl:addResponse" name="parameters"> </wsdl:part> </wsdl:message> <wsdl:portType name="Addition"> <wsdl:operation name="add"> <wsdl:input message="impl:addRequest" name="addRequest"> </wsdl:input> <wsdl:output message="impl:addResponse" name="addResponse"> </wsdl:output> </wsdl:operation> </wsdl:portType> <wsdl:binding name="AdditionSoapBinding" type="impl:Addition"> <wsdlsoap:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/> <wsdl:operation name="add"> <wsdlsoap:operation soapAction=""/> <wsdl:input name="addRequest"> <wsdlsoap:body use="literal"/> </wsdl:input> <wsdl:output name="addResponse"> <wsdlsoap:body use="literal"/> </wsdl:output> </wsdl:operation> </wsdl:binding> <wsdl:service name="AdditionService"> <wsdl:port binding="impl:AdditionSoapBinding" name="Addition"> <wsdlsoap:address location="http://localhost:8080/WSSOAP/services/Addition"/> </wsdl:port> </wsdl:service> </wsdl:definitions>

1:-service

Service element defines where the service can be accessed. Each service is associated with a unique name which is suggested by <wsdl:service name="AdditionService"> in our example. The next element <wsdl:port binding="intf:AdditionSoapBinding" name="Addition"> suggests the previous binding which will be used by service. The element <wsdlsoap:address location="http://localhost:8080/WSSOAP/services/Addition"/>suggests the physical address through which a service can be accessed.

2:-bindings

A binding defines message format and protocol details for operation and message defined by each portType. Each binding element is identified by a unique name attribute which can be any user defined name. The typeelement defines the portType referenced by binding. In our case <wsdl:binding name= "AdditionSoapBinding" type="intf:Addition"> defines a binding with a unique name and Addition portType associated with it. The soap:binding element has style attribute which can be either RPC-oriented(messages containing parameters and return values) or document-oriented(message containing documents). The default value for this element is document. The other element is transport which suggests the transmission protocol used. In our example we have <wsdlsoap:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>document as the style and http as the transport protocol. <wsdl:operation name="add"> name defines operation associated with each portType. Each operation will have a a soapAction associated with it. <wsdl:input name="addRequest"> define the input for the operation and <wsdlsoap:body use="literal"/> defines the encoding standard. In our example we are using literal as the encoding standard.

3:-portType

<h5><b>This basically involves a set of operation and messages involved in each operation. <portType name=""> defines a unique name. In our example <wsdl:portType name="Addition"> suggest a unique name. Each portType has an associated <operation name=""> element which suggest an operation name. In our example <wsdl:operation name="add"> suggests an operation name. Each operation element can have <input>, <output> or both the tags accordingly it will be one-way, notification or request-response operation. Our example has <wsdl:input message="intf:addRequest" name="addRequest"/> which uses the addRequest as the input message and <wsdl:output message="intf:addResponse" name="addResponse"/> which uses the addResponse as the output message.</b></h5>

4:-message

This element defines the various messages used by the Web service. In our example we have two message name, addRequest which is associated with add data type and addResponse which is associated with addResponse data type as defined in the <types> element. Each message type has unique name which is suggested by <message name=""> tag. The <part element="" ...> suggests the data type associated with each message. <part> element can be considered as a parameter to a function call.

5:-types

Web Service is all about sending and receiving messages. The <types> element describes the various messages which will be used by the service. Basically it defines the various data types. As can be seen, add service uses hello and addResponse as the two messages.

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Heap Sort

Fig : Heap Sort

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Merge Sort

Fig:Merge Sort

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Quick Sort

Fig :Quick Sort

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Insertion sort

Fig : Insertion sort

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Selection Sort

In selection sorting algorithm,

1: Find the minimum value in the array then swap it first position.

2: In next step leave the first value and find the minimum value within remaining values.

3: Then swap it with the value of minimum index position. Sort the remaining values by using same steps. Selection sort is probably the most intuitive sorting algorithm to invent.

The complexity of selection sort algorithm is in worst-case, average-case, and best-case run-time of Θ(n2), assuming that comparisons can be done in constant time.

Fig:- Selection Sort

Selection sort animation.Red is current min. Yellow is sorted list. Blueis current item.

Code description:

In selection sort algorithm to find the minimum value in the array. First assign minimum index in key (index_of_min=x). Then find the minimum value and assign the index of minimum value in key (index_of_min=y). Then swap the minimum value with the value of minimum index.

At next iteration leave the value of minimum index position and sort the remaining values by following same steps.

Working of the selection sort :

Say we have an array unsorted A[0],A[1],A[2]................ A[n-1] and A[n] as input. Then the following steps are followed by selection sort algorithm to sort the values of an array . (Say we have a key index_of_min that indicate the position of minimum value)

1.Initaily varaible index_of_min=0;

2.Find the minimum value in the unsorted array.

3.Assign the index of the minimum value into index_of_min variable.

4.Swap minimum value to first position.

5.Sort the remaining values of array (excluding the first value).

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HCF(GCD) and LCM

/** * */ package com.developerstpoint.jeetendra; import java.util.Scanner; /** * @author jeetendra * */ /* * Highest common factor in mathematics, also known as greatest common divisor * means HCF or GCD Both are same . */ /* * The product of the HCF and the LCM of two numbers is equal to the product of the given numbers. This properly is generally used to find the LCM of two very large numbers as we get LCM of two Number = Product of the numbers/HCF of Number */ public class HCF { public static void hcf(int number1, int number2){ int lcm = 0; int j=0; int product = number1 * number2; for(int i = 2; i < product; i++){ if(number1 % i == 0 && number2 % i == 0){ j = i; } } lcm = product /j ; System.out.println("HCF of two Number is :"+j+"\nAnd "+"LCM of these Two Numbers Is :"+lcm); } public static void main(String...args){ Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter the first Number====>"); int first = sc. nextInt(); System.out.println("Enter the Second Number===>"); int second = sc.nextInt(); hcf(first,second ); } } /* Output:- Enter the first Number====> 5 Enter the Second Number===> 85 HCF of two Number is :5 And LCM of these Two Numbers Is :85 */

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Pascal Triangle

In mathematics, Pascal's triangle is a triangular array of the binomial coefficients.The rows of Pascal's triangle are conventionally enumerated starting with row n = 0 at the top. The entries in each row are numbered from the left beginning with k = 0 and are usually staggered relative to the numbers in the adjacent rows.

Note:-A simple construction of the triangle proceeds in the following manner. On row 0, write only the number 1. Then, to construct the elements of following rows, add the number above and to the left with the number above and to the right to find the new value. If either the number to the right or left is not present, substitute a zero in its place. For example, the first number in the first row is 0 + 1 = 1, whereas the numbers 1 and 3 in the third row are added to produce the number 4 in the fourth row as below:-

/** * */ package com.developerstpoint.jeetendra; import java.util.Scanner; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class PascalTriangle { public static void main(String...args){ Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); System.out.print("Enter the line number : "); int linenumber=sc.nextInt(); double a[]=new double[linenumber]; a[0]=1; for(int i=1;i<linenumber;i++) { a[i]=1; for(int j=i-1;j>0;j--) { a[j]=a[j]+a[j-1]; } a[0]=1; } for(int i=0;i<linenumber;i++) { System.out.print(a[i]+" "); } } } /*Output:- * Enter the line number : 5 1.0 4.0 6.0 4.0 1.0 */

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Filter

A filter dynamically intercepts requests and responses to transform or use the information contained in the requests or responses. Filters typically do not themselves create responses, but instead provide universal functions that can be "attached" to any type of servlet or JSP page.

In Other words , A filter is an object that is used to perform filtering tasks such as conversion, log maintain, compression, encryption and decryption, input validation etc.

A filter is invoked at the preprocessing and postprocessing of a request. It is pluggable, i.e. its entry is defined in the web.xml file, if we remove the entry of filter from the web.xml file, filter will be removed automatically and we don't need to change the servlet. So it will be easier to maintain the web application.

Usage of Filter:-

Filters are used for different functions as below:-

1-Authentication-Blocking- requests based on user identity.

2-Logging and auditing-Tracking users of a web application

3- Image conversion-Scaling maps, and so on.

4- Data compression-Making downloads smaller.

5- Localization-Targeting the request and response to a particular locale

6- XSL/T transformations of XML content-Targeting web application responses to more that one type of client.

7- to encapsulate recurring tasks in reusable units

8- encryption and decryption

9- mime-type chaining, and caching

Difference Between Servlet And Filter:-

Filter	Servlet
1-Filter is used for filtering the request and perform some action like authenticity of session, user is valid or not for that request, etc.	1-Servlet is used for performing the action which needs to be taken for particular request like user login, get the response based on user role, interacts with database for getting the data, business logic execution etc
2-Filters differ from web components in that filters usually do not themselves create a response.	2-Servlet technology is used to create web application where it creates response of client’s request themselves.
3- For authorization, a Filter is the best suited This is because they can be configured to run for all pages of a site. So you only need one filter to protect all your pages.	3-Not as much as comparison to Filter.

Note:-

Authentication is the process of determining whether someone or something is, in fact, who or what it is declared to be. In private and public computer networks (including the Internet), authentication is commonly done through the use of logon passwords.

Authorization is the function of specifying access rights to resources, which is related to information security and computer security in general and to access control in particular.

Filter API

Like servlet filter have its own API.The javax.servlet package contains the three interfaces of Filter API

1. Filter

2. FilterChain

3.FilterConfig

How It works:-

1-When You define a filter by implementing the Filter interface. A filter chain, passed to a filter by the container, provides a mechanism for invoking a series of filters. A filter config contains initialization data.

2-The most important method in the Filter interface is the doFilter method, which is the heart of the filter. This method usually performs some of the following actions:-

[a]-Examines the request headers

[b]-Customizes the request object if it wishes to modify request headers or data or block the request entirely

[c]-Customizes the response object if it wishes to modify response headers or data

[d]-Invokes the next entity in the filter chain. If the current filter is the last filter in the chain that ends with the target servlet, the next entity is the resource at the end of the chain; otherwise, it is the next filter that was configured. It invokes the next entity by calling the doFilter method on the chain object (passing in the request and response it was called with, or the wrapped versions it may have created). Alternatively, it can choose to block the request by not making the call to invoke the next entity. In the latter case, the filter is responsible for filling out the response.

[e]-Examines response headers after it has invoked the next filter in the chain

[f]-Throws an exception to indicate an error in processing

Note:-

In addition to doFilter, you must implement the init and destroy methods. The init method is called by the container when the filter is instantiated. If you wish to pass initialization parameters to the filter you retrieve them from the FilterConfig object passed to init.

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Servlet:Life Cycle

Life Cycle Of Servlet

Web container maintains the life cycle of the Servlet.

1-Servlet classes are loaded

2-init method is invoked.

3-service method is invoked.

4-destroy method is invoked.

Life Cycle in Detail:-

1-When a server loads a servlet, it runs the servlet's init method. Even though most servlets are run in multi-threaded servers, there are no concurrency issues during servlet initialization. This is because the server calls the init method once, when it loads the servlet, and will not call it again unless it is reloading the servlet. The server can not reload a servlet until after it has removed the servlet by calling the destroy method. Initialization is allowed to complete before client requests are handled (that is, before the service method is called) or the servlet is destroyed.

2-After the server loads and initializes the servlet, the servlet is able to handle client requests. It processes them in its service method. Each client's request has its call to the service method run in its own servlet thread: the method receives the client's request, and sends the client its response.

3-Servlets can run multiple service methods at a time. It is important, therefore, that service methods be written in a thread-safe manner. If, for some reason, a server should not run multiple service methods concurrently, the servlet should implement the SingleThreadModel interface. This interface guarantees that no two threads will execute the servlet's service methods concurrently.

4-Servlets run until they are removed from the service. When a server removes a servlet, it runs the servlet's destroy method. The method is run once; the server will not run it again until after it reloads and reinitializes the servlet.

5-When the destroy method runs, however, other threads might be running service requests. If, in cleaning up, it is necessary to access shared resources, that access should be synchronized. During a servlet's lifecycle, it is important to write thread-safe code for destroying the servlet and, unless the servlet implements the SingleThreadModel interface, servicing client requests.

Steps to create Servlet Without Using any IDE:-

1- First of All Create the project folder structure as given below in Image. Here, we can put any name (project name) in place of web-app(context root).

2-Now , Create servlet class and keep inside the Classes folder.Here created SampleHello.java as Below:-

import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class SampleHello extends HttpServlet { protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String name = request.getParameter("name"); System.out.println((name)); out.println("Hello===="+” ”+name); }}

3- Now ,Create a welcome file ,Here Created index.jsp as below:-

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <form action="SampleHello" method="post"> Enter Your Name <input type="text" name="name"> <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> </body> </html>

4- Now Configure web.xml ,as given below:-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <servlet> <servlet-name>SampleHello</servlet-name> <servlet-class>SampleHello</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SampleHello</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/SampleHello</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>

5- Now ,compile the servlet class what you have created here is SampleHello.java using command prompt for compilation of class as below:-

javac –d “dir_of_servletclass_if_not_in_same_dir” –cp “path_of_jar; You_can_add_another_jar_also_after_putting_semicolon” classname.java

since,Here I am in same directory of servlet class so-

javac –cp “D:\customtagjsp\servlet-api-2.5-6.1.5.jar” SampleHello.java

6-Now can see the .class file after compilation,Put it inside the classes folder of project structure and put projectfolder in side the webapps folder of Tomcat server of any version.

Here I am using apache-tomcat-7.0.47, D:\apache-tomcat-7.0.47\webapps\projectfolder

7-Run the server and then run the project as below:- http://localhost:8080/samplehello/ Now we can see the output as below:-

after submitting the form:-

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Servlet:Introduction and Architecture Overview

What is Servlet??

A servlet is a Java programming language class used to extend the capabilities of servers that host applications accessed by means of a request-response programming model. For such applications, Java Servlet technology defines HTTP-specific servlet classees. The javax.servlet and javax.servlet.http packages provide interfaces and classes for writing servlets. All servlets must implement the Servlet interface, which defines lifecycle methods. When implementing a generic service, you can use or extend the GenericServlet class provided with the Java Servlet API. The HttpServlet class provides methods, such as doGet and doPost, for handling HTTP-specific services.

Java Servlets often serve the same purpose as programs implemented using the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) script. But Servlets offer several advantages in comparison with the CGI.

Advantages Of Servlet Over CGI:-

Initially, Common Gateway Interface (CGI) server-side scripts were the main technology used to generate dynamic content. Although widely used, CGI scripting technology had many shortcomings, including platform dependence and lack of scalability. CGI Technology enables webserver to call an external program and pass Http request information to external program to process the request .For Each request , it starts with new Process. To address these limitations, Java Servlet technology was created as a portable way to provide dynamic, user-oriented content.

In case of servlet. The web container create threads for handling the multiple request to the servlet.since threads have a lots of benefits over process. For more information about thread and process click here

Some Example Applications where servlets could be used:-

1-A few of the many applications for servlets include,Processing data POSTed over HTTPS using an HTML form, including purchase order or credit card data. A servlet like this could be part of an order-entry and processing system, working with product and inventory databases, and perhaps an on-line payment system.

2-Allowing collaboration between people. A servlet can handle multiple requests concurrently; they can synchronize requests to support systems such as on-line conferencing.

3- Forwarding requests. Servlets can forward requests to other servers and servlets. This allows them to be used to balance load among several servers that mirror the same content. It also allows them to be used to partition a single logical service over several servers, according to task type or organizational boundaries.

Architecture Overview:-

All servlets must implement the Servlet interface, which defines lifecycle methods. When implementing a generic service, you can use or extend the GenericServlet class provided with the Java Servlet API. The HttpServlet class provides methods, such as doGet and doPost, for handling HTTP-specific services.You can be clear by given below image:-

The Servlet interface provides the following methods that manage the servlet and its communications with clients.

1- destroy() Cleans up whatever resources are being held and makes sure that any persistent state is synchronized with the servlet's current in-memory state.

2- getServletConfig() Returns a servlet config object, which contains any initialization parameters and startup configuration for this servlet.

3- getServletInfo() Returns a string containing information about the servlet, such as its author, version, and copyright.

4- init(ServletConfig) Initializes the servlet. Run once before any requests can be serviced.

5- service(ServletRequest, ServletResponse) Carries out a single request from the client.

Servlet writers provide some or all of these methods when developing a servlet.

How Servlet Works:-

1-When a servlet accepts a service call from a client, it receives two objects, ServletRequest and ServletResponse. The ServletRequest class encapsulates the communication from the client to the server, while the ServletResponse class encapsulates the communication from the servlet back to the client.

2-The ServletRequest interface allows the servlet access to information such as the names of the parameters passed in by the client, the protocol (scheme) being used by the client, and the names of the remote host that made the request and the server that received it. It also provides the servlet with access to the input stream, ServletInputStream, through which the servlet gets data from clients that are using application protocols such as the HTTP POST and PUT methods. Subclasses of ServletRequest allow the servlet to retrieve more protocol-specific data. For example, HttpServletRequest contains methods for accessing HTTP-specific header information.

3-The ServletResponse interface gives the servlet methods for replying to the client. It allows the servlet to set the content length and mime type of the reply, and provides an output stream, ServletOutputStream, and a Writer through which the servlet can send the reply data. Subclasses of ServletResponse give the servlet more protocol-specific capabilities. For example, HttpServletResponse contains methods that allow the servlet to manipulate HTTP-specific header information.

The classes and interfaces described above make up a basic Servlet. HTTP servlets have some additional objects that provide session-tracking capabilities. The servlet writer can use these APIs to maintain state between the servlet and the client that persists across multiple connections during some time period.

Servlet API

Two packages:

1-javax.servlet-represents interfaces and classes for the Servlet API.This is not specific for any protocol.

2-javax.servlet.http -represents interfaces and classes for the Servlet API.But this is specific for only http request .

Servlet API Package as per jdk1.6

javax.servlet package:--

The javax.servlet package contains a number of classes and interfaces that describe and define the contracts between a servlet class and the runtime environment provided for an instance of such a class by a conforming servlet container.

Interface

AsyncContext

AsyncListener

Filter

FilterChain

FilterConfig

RequestDispatcher

Servlet

ServletConfig

ServletContext

ServletRequest

ServletResponse

Class

GenericServlet

ServletContextEvent

ServletInputStream

ServletOutputStream

ServletRequestAttributeEvent

ServletRequestWrapper

ServletSecurityElement

javax.servlet.http package:--

Interface

HttpServletRequest

HttpServletResponse

HttpSession

HttpSessionAttributeListener

HttpSessionContext

Class

Cookie

HttpServlet

HttpServletRequestWrapper

HttpServletResponseWrapper

HttpSessionBindingEvent

HttpSessionEvent

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JSP:Custom Tags

Custom Tags:-

A custom tag is a user-defined JSP language element. When a JSP page containing a custom tag is translated into a servlet, the tag is converted to operations on an object called a tag handler. The Web container then invokes those operations when the JSP page's servlet is executed.

Advantages of Custom Tags:-

1-Elimenates the need of scriptlate tags which is considered as bad programming approach.

2-Sepeartion of business logic from the jsp so tat it may be easy to maintain.

3-Reusability:-It makes the possibility to make reusability of business logic.

Syntax of Custom Tag:-

There are two ways to use the custom tags:-

1-

<prefix:tagname attr1=value1……attr2=value2………attrn=valuen/>

2-

<prefix:tagname attr1=value1……attr2=value2………attrn=valuen> Body content </prefix:tagname>

Example Of Custom Tag:-

For creating the Custom Tag,We need to follow the following steps:-

1:- Create The tag Handler Class and perform action at the start or at end of tag.

2-Create The tag library descriptor file and define tags

3-Create the JSP file that uses the Custom Tag defined in TLD file.

1:- Create a dynamic project in your IDE(Here I am using Spring Tool Suite™) you can use eclipse or any IDEBut in case of Eclipse you will have to add jsp-api 2.0 jar

The JSP 2.0 specification introduced Simple Tag Handlers for writing these custom tags. To write a customer tab you can simply extend SimpleTagSupport class and override the doTag() method, where you can place your code to generate content for the tag.

2:- Create The tag Handler Class and perform action at the start or at end of tag--
here we create the MyTagHandler.java as given below

/** * */ package com.developerstpoint.jeetendra.jspcustomtag; /** * @author jeetendra * */ import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Calendar; import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException; import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter; import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.SimpleTagSupport; public class MyTagHandler extends SimpleTagSupport{ /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public void doTag() throws IOException{ JspWriter out = getJspContext().getOut(); out.println("Hello Custom Tag"); } }

3-Now Create tag library file

here we create mytags.tld and put inside the following as mentioned below:- directory Dyanamic_Project_Name\WebContent\WEB-INF\mytags.tld

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?> <!DOCTYPE taglib PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JSP Tag Library 1.2//EN" "http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtd/web-jsptaglibrary_1_2.dtd"> <taglib> <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version> <jsp-version>1.2</jsp-version> <short-name>simple</short-name> <uri>http://tomcat.apache.org/example-taglib</uri> <tag> <name>hello</name> <tag-class>com.developerstpoint.jeetendra.jspcustomtag.MyTagHandler</tag-class> <body-content>anything</body-content> </tag> </taglib>

4-Create the JSP file that uses the Custom Tag defined in TLD file.Here we create index.jsp and in web.xml set as welcome page as given below

1:-web.xml:-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>Jspcustomtag</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>

2:-index.jsp:-

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <%@ taglib uri="WEB-INF/mytags.tld" prefix="Sample" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <Sample:hello/> </body> </html>

Here prefix I have taken as prefix="Sample" and taglib uri="WEB-INF/mytags.tld"

when I run this dynamic project will get the value what tried to print like here will print Hello Custom Tag.

created custom tag without body content like <Sample:hello/> fashion.

Note:-

Spring Tool Suite™ is an Eclipse-based development environment that is customized for developing Spring applications. It provides a ready-to-use environment to implement, debug, run, and deploy your Spring applications, including integrations for Pivotal tc Server, Pivotal Cloud Foundry, Git, Maven, AspectJ, and comes on top of the latest Eclipse releases.It is freely available for development and internal business operations use with no time limits, fully open-source and licensed under the terms of the Eclipse Public License.

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Hibernate : Core Concept

Note:-

This tutorial expects the user have knowledge of both Java and SQL. If you have a limited knowledge of JAVA or SQL, it is advised that

you start with a good introduction to that technology prior to attempting to learn Hibernate.

Hibernate Framework

Hibernate framework simplifies the development of java application to interact with the database. Hibernate is an open source,

lightweight, ORM (Object Relational Mapping) tool. An ORM tool simplifies the data creation, data manipulation and data access. It is a

programming technique that maps the object to the data stored in the database.

Java Application ---- object----ORM----Database

The ORM tool internally uses the JDBC API to interact with the database.

Advantages of Hibernate Framework:-

There are many advantages of Hibernate Framework. They are as follows:

1)Opensource and Lightweight: Hibernate framework is opensource under the LGPL license. The open source GNU
LGPL(Lesser General Public License) is sufficiently flexible to allow the use of Hibernate in both open source and commercial projects.

2) Fast performance: The performance of hibernate framework is fast because cache is internally used in hibernate framework.
There are two types of cache in hibernate framework first level cache and second level cache. First level cache is
enabled bydefault.

3) Database Independent query: HQL (Hibernate Query Language) is the object-oriented version of SQL. It generates the database
independent queries. So you don't need to write database specific queries. Before Hibernate, If database is changed for the project,
we need to change the SQL query as well that leads to the maintenance problem.

4) Automatic table creation: Hibernate framework provides the facility to create the tables of the database automatically. So there is
no need to create tables in the database manually.

5) Simplifies complex join: To fetch data form multiple tables is easy in hibernate framework.

6) Provides query statistics and
database status: Hibernate supports Query cache and provide statistics about query and database status.

Hibernate Architecture:-

The Hibernate architecture includes many objects persistent object, session factory, transaction factory, connection factory, session,
transaction etc.

There are 4 layers in hibernate architecutre java application layer, hibernate framework layer, backhand api layer and database layer.
The high level architecture of Hibernate with mapping file and configuration file.

Hibernate framework uses many objects session factory, session, transaction etc. alongwith existing Java API such as JDBC
(Java Database Connectivity), JTA (Java Transaction API) and JNDI (Java Naming Directory Interface).

Core Object Of Hibernate:-

1-SessionFactory

2-Session

3-Transaction

4-ConnectionProvider

5-TransactionFactory

SessionFactory

The SessionFactory is a factory of session and client of ConnectionProvider. It holds second level cache.(optional) of data

. The org.hibernate.SessionFactory interface provides factory method to get the object of Session. You configure Hibernate's

SessionFactory. SessionFactory is a global factory responsible for a particular database. If you have several databases, for easier

startup you should use several configurations in several configuration files.

Session

The session object provides an interface between the application and data stored in the database. It is a short-lived object and wraps

the JDBC connection. It is factory of Transaction, Query and Criteria. It holds a first-level cache (mandatory) of data. The

org.hibernate.Session interface provides methods to insert, update and delete the object. It also provides factory methods for

Transaction, Query and Criteria.

Transaction

The transaction object specifies the atomic unit of work. It is optional. The org.hibernate.Transaction interface provides methods for

transaction management.

ConnectionProvider

It is a factory of JDBC connections. It abstracts the application from DriverManager or DataSource. It is optional.

TransactionFactory

It is a factory of Transaction. It is optional.

Steps to create A sample Example Of Hibernate (Without Using Annotation):-

Software requirement:-

1-Jdk 1.6 2-Eclipse Any Updated Version(I have Used here Eclipse Helios 3.6) 3-Hibernate Library 4-MySql DataBase

Step-1:-

First Download the hibernate jar from http://sourceforge.net/projects/hibernate/files/hibernate3/ Set it to Java build classpath (If You

Are Using the Eclipse.):-as Sample Project->right click->Properties->Java Bulid Path->Libraries->Add External JARs->ok.

Steps- 2:-

Now Create Entity Class (The Class which contains data,meta data which is to stored in to database Here )Here UserDetails.java which Is given below:-

package com.developerstpoint.jeetendra.hibernate; public class UserDetails { private int id; /** * @return the id */ public int getId() { return id; } /** * @param id the id to set */ public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } private String name; private String address; /** * @return the name */ public String getName() { return name; } /** * @param name the name to set */ public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } /** * @return the address */ public String getAddress() { return address; } /** * @param address the address to set */ public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } }

Step 3:-

Now Create UserDetails.hbm.xml file where we configured data ,metadata attributes name of Table name where our data has to be stored in database. As given belows. This file should be in classpath or in side the src folder:-

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.developerstpoint.jeetendra.hibernate.UserDetails" table="UserDetails2"> <id name="id"> <generator class="increment"/> </id> <property name="name"/> <property name="address"/> </class>

Step 4:-

Now Create An Schema in MySql database(since here I am using MySql database), Here I have created hibernatesample schema.

Step 5:-

Now Create a Configuration File hibernate.cfg.xml, where I have configured database configuration and mapping file UserDetails.hbm.xml. which is given below:-

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <!-- Database connection settings --> <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernatesample</property> <property name="connection.username">username</property> <property name="connection.password" >password</property> <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) --> <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property> <!-- SQL dialect --> <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <!-- Disable the second-level cache --> <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider</property> <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout --> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup --> <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <mapping resource="UserDetails.hbm.xml"/> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>

Step 6:-

Now create the main class For Hibernate like given below:-

/** * */ package com.developerstpoint.jeetendra.hibernate; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class HibernateTest { public static void main(String...hib){ UserDetails user=new UserDetails(); UserDetails user2=new UserDetails(); UserDetails user3=new UserDetails(); user.setAddress("BTM"); user.setName("Jeetendra"); user2.setAddress("BTM"); user2.setName("Jeetendra"); user3.setAddress("BTM"); user3.setName("Jeetendra"); SessionFactory sessionfactory=new Configuration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml").buildSessionFactory(); Session session= sessionfactory.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); session.save(user); session.save(user2); session.save(user3); session. getTransaction().commit(); } }

Now Run The main Class of Hibernate.java as here is HibernateTest.java Then Check the schema Definatly You will find Datas stored in Schema configured in .cfg file.

Steps to create A sample Example Of Hibernate (Using Annotation):-

Software requirement:-

1-Jdk 1.6 2-Eclipse Any Updated Version(I have Used here Eclipse Helios 3.6) 3-Hibernate Library 4-MySql DataBase

Step-1:-

First Download the hibernate jar from http://sourceforge.net/projects/hibernate/files/hibernate3/ Set it to Java build classpath (If You

Are Using the Eclipse.):-as Sample Project->right click->Properties->Java Bulid Path->Libraries->Add External JARs->ok.

Steps- 2:-

Now Create Entity Class (The Class which contains data,meta data which is to stored in to database Here )Here UserDetails.java which Is given below:-

package com.developerstpoint.jeetendra.hibernet; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; @Entity public class UserDetails { @Id @GeneratedValue private int id; private String name; private String address; /** * @return the id */ public int getId() { return id; } /** * @param id the id to set */ public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } /** * @return the name */ public String getName() { return name; } /** * @param name the name to set */ public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } /** * @return the address */ public String getAddress() { return address; } /** * @param address the address to set */ public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } }

Step 3:-

Now Create An Schema in MySql database, Here I have created hibernatesample schema:-

Step 4:-

Now Create a Configuration File hibernate.cfg.xml, where I have configured database configuration and mapping file UserDetails.java which is given below. This file should be in classpath or in side the src folder:--

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <!-- Database connection settings --> <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernatesample</property> <property name="connection.username">root</property> <property name="connection.password" >admin</property> <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) --> <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property> <!-- SQL dialect --> <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <!-- Disable the second-level cache --> <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider</property> <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout --> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup --> <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <mapping class="com.developerstpoint.jeetendra.hibernet.UserDetails" /> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>

Step 5:-

Now create the main class For Hibernate like given below:-

/** * */ package com.developerstpoint.jeetendra.hibernet; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class HibernateTest { public static void main(String...hib){ UserDetails user=new UserDetails(); UserDetails user2=new UserDetails(); UserDetails user3=new UserDetails(); user.setAddress("BTMdddfdd"); user.setName("Jeetendra3dddfdfd33"); SessionFactory sessionfactory=new Configuration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml").buildSessionFactory(); Session session= sessionfactory.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); session.save(user); session. getTransaction().commit(); } }

Now Run The main Class of Hibernate.java as here is HibernateTest.java Then Check the schema Definatly You will find Datas stored in Schema configured in .cfg file.

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Checking the palindrome Of An given Integer/Reverse Integer

package com.developerstechpoint; import java.util.Scanner; public class PalindromNumber { public boolean checkPalindrom(){ System.out.println("Enter The Number Of Which U want to check for palindrom"); Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); int number=sc. nextInt(); int palindrom=number; int reverse=0,remainder; while(number!=0){ remainder=number%10; reverse=remainder+reverse*10; number=number/10; } System.out.println("Reversed Number is :"+reverse); if(palindrom==reverse){ return true; } else { return false; } } public static void main(String...palindrome){ if(new PalindromNumber().checkPalindrom()){ System.out.print("Number Is Palindrom"); }else{ System.out.println("Not Palindrom"); } } /* * Enter The Number Of Which U want to check for palindrom 125521 Reversed Number is :125521 Number Is Palindrom Enter The Number Of Which U want to check for palindrom 1254 Reversed Number is :4521 Not Palindrom * * */ }

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Copy the Text from one To another which file path given by command line argument

package com.developerstpoint.jeetendra; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.util.*; class FileIO { private static String st=""; public static void main(String[] args) { try{ FileReader fr=new FileReader(args[0]); FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(args[1]); BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(fr); String s; while ((s = br.readLine()) != null){ String[] words = s.split(" "); for(String a: words){ StringBuilder builder=new StringBuilder(a); st+=builder.reverse().toString().concat(" "); //System.out.print(builder.reverse().toString().concat(" ")); } } System.out.println("scssd========"+st); fr.close(); fw.write(st); fw.close(); } catch(Exception e){ System.out.println(e); } } } /*Here args[0]=D:\IO\p2.txt and args[1]=D:\IO\p.txt which I have given * As Command Line Arguement as in Case of Eclipse I have Set these two file Path As * In menu oF Eclipse Run->Run Configurations ->Arguments-> like this * D:\IO\p2.txt D:\IO\p.txt then click Apply Button or If You can give these two path * on command line when You Are runnig the program through cmd. * * Here D:\IO\p2.txt is:- * hiiii my name is jeetendra . hiiii my name is jeetendra . Now OutPut Is :- D:\IO\p.txt is:- iiiih ym eman si ardneteej . iiiih ym eman si ardneteej . */

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Find the file with Special Extension from Folder

package com.developerstpoint.jeetendra; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Scanner; public class FileWithSpecialExtension { public static void main(String...file) throws IOException{ String s=""; Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter the Path Of Folder Where A number of File is stored with different Extension"); String inputpath = sc.nextLine(); File folder=new File(inputpath); File[] files=folder.listFiles(); for(int i=0; i<files.length; i++){ //System.out.println(files[i]); if(files[i].isFile()){ s=files[i].getName(); if(s.endsWith(".mp4")|| s.endsWith(".Mp4")|| s.endsWith(".MP4")|| s.endsWith(".mP4")){ System.out.println(s); }}}}} /* * Enter the Path Of Folder Where A number of File is stored with different Extension D:/Test Finger drawing - with OpenCV - YouTube.MP4 open source tracking software - YouTube.MP4 Track Mania driving script using python, opencv and java - YouTube.MP4 Video.MP4 W.mp4 */

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Find Unique And Frequent words of Input any file

package com.developerstpoint.jeetendra; import java.io.*; import java.util.*; class ToFindOutUniqueAndFrequentWords { public static void main(String[] unused) { Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); // scanner object. int awords=0,uwords=0; try{ System.out.println("Enter your file name"); File inputfile = new File(in.nextLine()); Scanner words = new Scanner(inputfile); words.useDelimiter("[^A-Za-z]+"); HashMap<String,Integer> words_fre = new HashMap<String,Integer>(); while(words.hasNext()) { String s = words.next().toString(); awords++; // words count if(words_fre.containsKey(s)) { int a = words_fre.get(s); words_fre.put(s,a+1); } else { words_fre.put(s,1); uwords++; // unique words count } } Object[] key = words_fre.keySet().toArray(); Arrays.sort(key); for (int i = 0; i < key.length; i++) { System.out.println(key[i]+"= "+words_fre.get(key[i])); } System.out.println("Total Words = "+awords); System.out.println("Unique Words = "+words_fre.size()); }catch(IOException e) { System.out.println(e); } } } /*Enter your file name D:/JAVAProgram.txt Important= 1 Java= 1 com= 1 developerstpoint= 1 http= 1 program= 1 Total Words = 6 Unique Words = 6 Content of D:/JAVAProgram.txt is given Below:- // Important Java program http://developerstpoint.com/ */

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Find IP address And garbage Collection

For Grabage Collection:-

/** * */ package com.developerstechpoint; import static java.lang.System.*; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class GarbageCollectionProgram { /** * @param args */ /* * This program performs garbage collection. * Free memory in java virtual machine is printed * and then garbage collection is done using gc method * of RunTime class, freeMemory method returns amount * of free memory in jvm, getRunTime method is used to get * reference of current RunTime object. */ public static void main(String s[]) throws Exception { Runtime rs = Runtime.getRuntime(); out.println("Free memory in JVM before Garbage Collection = "+rs.freeMemory()); rs.gc(); out.println("Free memory in JVM after Garbage Collection = "+rs.freeMemory()); }}

For IP Address:-

/** * */ package com.developerstechpoint; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.UnknownHostException; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class GettingIPofMachine { /** * @param args * @throws UnknownHostException */ /* * This program prints IP or internet * protocol address of your computer system. * InetAddress class of java.net package is used, * getLocalHost method returns InetAddress object which represents local host. */ public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException { InetAddress inetaddress = InetAddress.getLocalHost(); System.out.println("LocalHost is : "+inetaddress); } }

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Sorting : Buble Sort

Bubble sort is a sorting algorithm that works by repeatedly stepping through lists that need to be sorted, comparing each pair of adjacent items and swapping them if they are in the wrong order. This passing procedure is repeated until no swaps are required, indicating that the list is sorted. Bubble sort gets its name because smaller elements bubble toward the top of the list.

Bubble Sort

Bubble sort is also referred to as sinking sort or comparison sort. Bubble sort has a worst-case and average complexity of O(n2), where n is the number of items sorted. Unlike the other sorting algorithms, bubble sort detects whether the sorted list is efficiently built into the algorithm. Bubble sort performance over an already sorted list is O(n).

/** * */ package com.developerstechpoint.sorting; import java.util.Scanner; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class BubbleSort { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter The number of Array's Elements of which is to be sorted===>"); int number = sc.nextInt(); int array[]=new int[number]; System.out.println("Enter The "+number+ " Integer in the following Array===>"); for(int i=0; i<number; i++){ array [i] = sc.nextInt(); } // Sorting for(int i=0; i<(number-1); i++){ for(int j=0; j<number-i-1; j++){ int temp; if(array[j] > array[j+1]){ temp=array[j]; array[j]= array[j+1]; array[j+1]=temp; } } } String temp=""; for(int i=0; i<number; i++){ //System.out.println(array[i]); temp=temp+" "+array[i]; } System.out.println("Sorted Array is:"+"\n"+temp); } } /*Enter The number of Array's Elements of which is to be sorted===> 5 Enter The 5 Integer in the following Array===> 9 1 8 3 7 Sorted Array is: 1 3 7 8 9 * */

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Binary Tree ,Depth and Height

Step [1]:-

First Create Binary Tree class here is TreeNode.java which is given below:-

package com.developerstechpoint.Tree; public class TreeNode { /** * @author jeetendra * */ int data; TreeNode left; TreeNode right; TreeNode(int d){ data=d; left=null; right=null; } }

Step [2]:-

Create A class for all Its Methods like PreOrder,PostOrder,InOrder Traversal ,Depth and Height.Here class name is BinaryTreeMethods.java which is given below:-

package com.developerstechpoint.Tree; public class BinaryTreeMethods { /** * @author jeetendra * */ // Node insertion to create Binary Tree public void insertNode(TreeNode node,int data){ if(data < node.data){ if(node.left!=null){ insertNode(node.left, data); } else{ node.left=new TreeNode(data); } } else{ if(node.right!=null){ insertNode(node.right, data); } else{ node.right=new TreeNode(data); } } } //Pre-Order traversal of binary tree public void preOrder(TreeNode node){ if(node!=null){ System.out.println(node.data); preOrder(node.left); preOrder(node.right); } } //Post-Order traversal of binary tree public void postOrder(TreeNode node){ if(node!=null){ postOrder(node.left); postOrder(node.right); System.out.println(node.data); }} // In-Order traversal in binary tree public void inOrder(TreeNode node){ if(node!=null){ inOrder(node.left); System.out.println(node.data); inOrder(node.right); } } //Finding Depth and Height of the binary Tree public int BTreeHeight(TreeNode node){ if(node==null){ return 0; }else{ int left=BTreeHeight(node.left); int right=BTreeHeight(node.right); if(left>right){ return left+1; }else{ return right+1; } } } }

Step [3]:-Now Create Main class For the Tree As below:-

package com.developerstechpoint.Tree; import java.util.Scanner; public class BinaryTreeDepth { /** * @author jeetendra * */ /* The DEPTH of a node is the number of EDGES from the node to the tree's root node. and DEPTH is SAME as LEVEL of TREE. The HEIGHT of a node is the number of NODES on the longest path from the node to a leaf. For example, when looking at the root node of the tree, the depth would be 0 and the height would be the number of nodes on the longest path to a leaf. * */ public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Enter The Data to insert into rootnode=>"); Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); int d=sc.nextInt(); TreeNode rootnode = new TreeNode(d); System.out.println(rootnode.data ); BinaryTreeMethods binarytmethods=new BinaryTreeMethods(); System.out.println("Enter The Number Of Elements You want to insert in Tree"); int number = sc.nextInt(); int i=1; while(i<=number){ System.out.println("Enter data to insert in tree==="); int insertiondata=sc.nextInt(); binarytmethods.insertNode(rootnode,insertiondata); i++; } binarytmethods.inOrder(rootnode); System.out.println("Pre-Order========================"); binarytmethods.preOrder(rootnode); System.out.println("Post-Order========================"); binarytmethods.postOrder(rootnode); int height=binarytmethods.BTreeHeight(rootnode); System.out.println("Depth of Binary Tree is===>"+(height-1)); System.out.println("Height of Binary Tree is======>"+height); } } /*output:- * Enter The Data to insert into rootnode=> 8 8 Enter The Number Of Elements You want to insert in Tree 5 Enter data to insert in tree=== 1 Enter data to insert in tree=== 4 Enter data to insert in tree=== 9 Enter data to insert in tree=== 76 Enter data to insert in tree=== 5 1 4 5 8 9 76 Pre-Order======================== 8 1 4 5 9 76 Post-Order======================== 5 4 1 76 9 8 Depth of Binary Tree is=======>3 Height of Binary Tree is==========>4 */

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LinkedList

Step [1]:-Create Node to create linked list as below:-

package com.javacoreconcept.jeetendra; public class Node { int data; Node next; Node(int d){ data=d; next=null; } }

Step [2]:-Now create to All Methods of Linked List:-

package com.javacoreconcept.jeetendra; import java.util.Scanner; public class MethodsLinkedList { Node head=null,tail = null; int size=0; Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); public void createList(int noOfNode){ int count=0; while(count<noOfNode){ System.out.println("Enter the data to create list====>"); int data=sc.nextInt(); Node newNode=new Node(data); if(head==null){ head=newNode; tail=head; size++; }else{ tail.next=newNode; tail=newNode; size++; } count++; } /*for(Node temp=head; temp!=null; temp=temp.next){ System.out.println(temp.data+" "+size); } */ } //Method to display data public void display(){ Node temp=head; while(temp!=null){ System.out.println(temp.data); temp=temp.next; } } //Adding Element At Nth Position public void nthpos(int pos, int data){ if(size<pos){ System.out.println("Length of linkedlist is less,Cant be entered the value"); } else{ Node temp1, temp2; temp1=head; for(int i=1; i<pos-1; i++){ temp1 = temp1.next; } temp2 = temp1.next; Node newNode2=new Node(data); temp1.next=newNode2; newNode2.next =temp2; } display(); } //Deleting Element From Nth position public void deletElementAtNthPos(int pos){ if(size<pos){ System.out.println("Length of linked List is less,Can't be deleted any value"); } else{ Node temp3=head; for(int i=1; i<pos-1; i++){ temp3=temp3.next; } //Node temp4=temp3.next; temp3.next=temp3.next.next; } display(); } }

Step [3]:-Now Create the mainClass to create LinkedList as Below:-

package com.javacoreconcept.jeetendra; import java.util.Scanner; public class LinkedList { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { MethodsLinkedList methodlist=new MethodsLinkedList(); Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("How many nodes you want to create ?"); int n = sc.nextInt(); methodlist.createList(n); methodlist.display(); System.out.println("Enter the postion to add new node :"); int pos = sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("Enter data for new node :"); int data = sc.nextInt(); methodlist.nthpos(pos, data); System.out.println("Enter The Pos from where Data Has to be deleted"); int pos1 = sc.nextInt(); methodlist.deletElementAtNthPos(pos1); } }

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Transpose of Matrix

With help of Tranpose of Matrix we can also find out about the matrix whether it is symmetric or not . i.e. If Tranpose of matrix is equal to the matrix then Matrix is Called as Symmetric.

/** * */ package com.developerstechpoint.matrix; import java.util.Scanner; import static java.lang.System.*; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class TransposeMatrics { /** * @param args */ /* * If A is an m × n order matrix then Transpose A is an n × m order matrix. */ public static void main(String...args){ Scanner sc = new Scanner (System.in); out.println("Enter the number for rows of Matrix"); int row = sc.nextInt(); out.println("Enter the number for column of Matrix"); int column = sc.nextInt(); int matrix [][] = new int[row][column]; int tranposematrix[][] =new int[column][row]; out.println("Enter The Element of Matrix"); for(int i=0; i< row; i++){ for(int j=0; j<column; j++){ matrix[i][j]=sc.nextInt(); }} out.println("Tranpose Of the Matrix=====>"); for(int i=0; i< row; i++){ for(int j=0; j<column; j++){ tranposematrix[j][i]=matrix[i][j]; } out.println(); } for(int i=0; i< column; i++){ for(int j=0; j<row; j++){ out.print(tranposematrix[i][j]+"\t"); } out.println(); } } } /*Enter the number for rows of Matrix 3 Enter the number for column of Matrix 1 Enter The Element of Matrix 1 2 3 Tranpose Of the Matrix=====> 1 2 3 */

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Multiplication Of Two Matrix

/** * */ package com.developerstechpoint.matrix; import java.util.Scanner; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class MatrixMultiplication { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { int sum1=0; Scanner sc =new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter the Rows of first matrix==>"); int rowfirst=sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("Enter the column of first matrix==>"); int columnfirst=sc.nextInt(); int first[][]=new int[rowfirst][columnfirst]; System.out.println("Enter the Elements of first matrix"); for(int i=0; i<rowfirst; i++){ for(int j=0; j<columnfirst; j++){ first[i][j]=sc.nextInt(); } } System.out.println("Enter the Rows of second matrix==>"); int rowsecond=sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("Enter the column of second matrix==>"); int columnsecond=sc.nextInt(); if(columnfirst!=rowsecond){ System.out.println("Multiplication can not be occured because of columnfirst and rowsecond is not equal"); } else{ int second[][]=new int[rowsecond][columnsecond]; System.out.println("Enter the Elements of second matrix"); for(int i=0; i<rowsecond; i++){ for(int j=0; j<columnsecond; j++){ second[i][j]=sc.nextInt(); } } int multiplicationresult[][]=new int[rowfirst][columnsecond]; System.out.println("Multiplication is :"); for(int i=0; i<rowfirst; i++){ for(int j=0; j<columnsecond; j++){ for(int k=0; k<rowsecond; k++){ sum1=sum1+first[i][k]*second[k][j]; } multiplicationresult[i][j]=sum1; sum1=0; } } for(int i=0; i<rowfirst; i++){ for(int j=0; j<columnsecond; j++){ System.out.print(multiplicationresult[i][j]+"\t"); } System.out.println(); } } } } /* * Enter the Rows of first matrix==> 2 Enter the column of first matrix==> 3 Enter the Elements of first matrix 1 2 3 4 5 6 Enter the Rows of second matrix==> 3 Enter the column of second matrix==> 2 Enter the Elements of second matrix 1 2 3 4 5 6 Multiplication is : 22 28 49 64 */ */

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Addition Of Two Matrix

/** * */ package com.developerstechpoint.matrix; import java.util.Scanner; import static java.lang.System.*; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class MatrixAddition { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); out.println("Enter the number of row for matrix"); int row = sc.nextInt(); out.println("Enter the number of column for matrix"); int column = sc.nextInt(); int first[][] = new int[row][column]; int second[][] = new int[row][column]; int result[][] = new int[row][column]; out.println("Enter the data of first matrix"); for(int i=0; i<row; i++){ for(int j=0; j<column; j++){ first[i][j]=sc.nextInt(); }} for(int i=0; i<row; i++){ for(int j=0; j<column; j++){ out.print(first[i][j]+"\t"); } out.println(); } out.println("Enter the data for matrix second"); for(int i=0; i<row; i++){ for(int j=0; j<column; j++){ second[i][j]=sc.nextInt(); }} for(int i=0; i<row; i++){ for(int j=0; j<column; j++){ out.print(second[i][j]+"\t"); } out.println(); } out.println("addition or subtraction of these two matrix first and second"); for(int i=0; i<row; i++){ for(int j=0; j<column; j++){ result[i][j]=first[i][j]+second[i][j]; }} for(int i=0; i<row; i++){ for(int j=0; j<column; j++){ out.print(result[i][j]+"\t"); } out.println(); } }} /* * Enter the number of row for matrix 1 Enter the number of column for matrix 3 Enter the elements of first matrix 1 2 3 1 2 3 Enter the data for matrix second 1 2 3 1 2 3 addition of these two matrix first and second 2 4 6 */

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Print all Substring of Input

/** * */ package com.developerstechpoint; import java.util.Scanner; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class FindingAllSubString { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String args[]) { String string, sub; int i, c, length; Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter a string to print it's all substrings"); string = in.nextLine(); length = string.length(); System.out.println("Substrings of \""+string+"\" are :-"); for( c = 0 ; c < length ; c++ ) { for( i = 1 ; i <= length - c ; i++ ) { sub = string.substring(c, c+i); System.out.println(sub); } } }}

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Check and Prime Number and Also Print The Prime Number

/** * */ package com.developerstechpoint; import java.util.Scanner; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class PrintPrimeNumberUpToTheInputNumber { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter the start number from where prime number has to checked and printed===>"); int start= sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("Enter the end number upto the , prime number has to checked and printed===>"); int end = sc.nextInt(); for(int i=start; i<=end; i++){ if(isPrime(i)){ System.out.println(i); } } } // Checking whether the given number prime or not private static boolean isPrime(int number) { if(number<1){ return false; } for(int i=2; i<number; i++){ if(number%i==0){ return false; } } return true; } }

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Fibonacci Series

package com.developerstechpoint.Tree; public class Fibonacci { // using recursion // public static int fib(int number){ // if(number==0){ // return 0; // // } // else if(number==1){ // return 1; // } // else{ // return fib(number-1)+fib(number-2); // } // } // /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { //Using Array int number[] =new int[10]; number[0]=0; number[1]=1; System.out.println(number[0]+"\n"+number[1]+"\n"); for(int i=2; i<10; i++){ number[i]=number[i-1]+number[i-2]; System.out.println(number[i]); } // Using For loop // System.out.println("Fibonacci series"); // for(int i=0; i<5; i++){ // System.out.println(fib(i));; // } // } //int first=0,second=1,next,i=0; // for(int i=0; i<10; i++){ // // // next=first+second; // first=second; // // second=next; // // System.out.println("======>"+next); // } // //Using Do While loop /* do{ next=first+second; first=second; second=next; i++; System.out.println("fibonacci series is :="+next); }while(i<10);*/ } }

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Comparision of Two String

/** * */ package com.developerstechpoint; import java.util.Scanner; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class CompareTwoString { /** * @param args */ /*This program compare strings i.e test whether * two strings are equal or not, compareTo method * of String class is used to test equality of two * String class objects. compareTo method is case * sensitive * i.e "java" and "Java" are two different strings if * you use *compareTo method. If you wish to compare strings but *ignoring *the case then use compareToIgnoreCase method. * *String 'hello' is greater than 'Hello' as ASCII value * of 'h' is greater than 'H'. To check two strings for * equality you can use equals method which returns true if * strings are equal otherwise false. */ public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter The first String "); String first = sc.nextLine(); System.out.println("Enter The second String "); String second = sc.nextLine(); if(first.compareTo(second)>0){ System.out.println("first String is greater than second"); } else{ if(first.compareTo(second)<0){ System.out.println("second String is greater than first "); } else{ System.out.println("Both Strings Are Equal "); } } } }

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Reverse String And Checking the Palindrom

package com.developerstechpoint; import java.util.Scanner; public class PalindromString { public boolean checkPalindrom(){ System.out.println("Enter The String Which to Be check for Palindrom"); Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); String input=sc.nextLine(); String reverse=input; String s = ""; //String arr[] = input.split(""); // for(int i=arr.length-1; i>0; i--){ // s=s+arr[i]; // // } for(int i=input.length()-1; i>=0; i--){ s=s+input.charAt(i); } System.out.println("reversed string is =======>"+s); if(reverse.equals(s)){ return true; }else{ return false; } } public static void main(String...palindrome){ PalindromString ps= new PalindromString(); if(ps.checkPalindrom()){ System.out.println("given String Is Palindrome"); }else{ System.out.println("given String is Not Palindrom"); } } } /*Enter The String Which to Be check for Palindrom malayalam reversed string is =======>malayalam given String Is Palindrome====> * * Enter The String Which to Be check for Palindrom jeetendra reversed string is =======>ardneteej given String is Not Palindrom * * * * */

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Floyed’s Triangle

/** * */ package com.developerstechpoint; import java.util.Scanner; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class FloyedTriangle { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter the number of rows or columns of the triangle"); int numberofrowsorcoloumsoftriangle = sc.nextInt(); int number = 1; for(int i = 1; i <= numberofrowsorcoloumsoftriangle; i++ ){ for(int j= 1; j<=i; j++){ /* System.out.print(i); will print if input will be 3:- 1 2 2 3 3 3 */ /*System.out.print(j); * will print if input will be 3:- 1 1 2 1 2 3 */ System.out.print(number+" "); number++; } System.out.println(); /* Output will be if input is 3:- 1 2 3 4 5 6 */ } } }

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Armstrong Number

package com.developerstechpoint; import java.util.Scanner; /** * @author jeetendra * */ /*An Armstrong number of three digits is an integer such that the sum of the cubes of * its digits is equal to the number itself. For example, 371 is an Armstrong number since * 3**3 + 7**3 + 1**3 = 371. * * 1,153,370,371,407 etc are armstrong Number*/ public class ArmstrongNumber { public boolean checkNumberForArmstrong(){ Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter The Number====>"); int numbertocheck=sc.nextInt(); int reverse=0; int armstrong=numbertocheck; while(armstrong!=0){ int remainder=armstrong%10; reverse=remainder*remainder*remainder+reverse; armstrong= armstrong/10; } if(numbertocheck==reverse){ return true; } else{ return false; } }public static void main(String...armstrong){ if(new ArmstrongNumber().checkNumberForArmstrong()){ System.out.println("Number Is Armstrong"); }else{ System.out.println("Not armstron"); }}}

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Find Factorial of Input Number

package com.developerstechpoint; import java.util.Scanner; /** * @author jeetendra * */ public class FactorialOfGivenNumber { // public void fatorial(){ // Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); // System.out.println("Enter The No. Of which you want to print the Factorial"); // int number=sc.nextInt(); // int factorial=1; // for(int i=1; i<=number; i++){ // factorial=factorial*i; // // } // System.out.println("Factorial Of Number Is :"+factorial); // } ; //using Recursion public int factorial(int number){ if(number==1){ return 1; } else{ return number*factorial(number-1); }} public static void main(String...fact){ System.out.println("Enter the number Of which You want to create factorial using recursion"); Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); int number=sc.nextInt(); System.out.println(new FactorialOfGivenNumber().factorial(number)); } }

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