Struts2.x : Steps to Create Sample Project ~ DevelopersTpoint

Tuesday, 14 January 2014

Struts2.x : Steps to Create Sample Project

Sample Struts2.x Program:-

[a]- Create Dynamic Project in Your Eclipse IDE.

[b]- Add Some minimum set of library in WebContent\WEB-INF\lib folder and also put it into build-path whatever above mentioned.You can download
Struts -jar from http://struts.apache.org/download.cgi

Create Sample Program

1-Create index.jsp
<%@pagelanguage="java"contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <%@taglibprefix="s"uri="/struts-tags"%> <!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <metahttp-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <form action="getName.action"> Enter Your Name:-<inputtype="text"name="name"> <inputtype="submit"value="Submit"> </form> </body></html>
2-Create web.xml as deployment discriptor:-
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-appxmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID"version="2.5"> <display-name>Struts_Sample_Program</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>/web-app>
3-Create Action Class as given below:-

Struts_Sample.java
packagecom.jeetendra.javacoreconcept; publicclassStruts_Sample { public String name; public String execute(){ return"success"; } }
4-Now Create struts.xml as given below:-

struts.xml
<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPEstrutsPUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <constantname="struts.devMode"value="true"/> <packagename="com.jeetendra.javacoreconcept"extends="struts-default"> <actionname="getName"class="com.jeetendra.javacoreconcept.Struts_Sample"method="execute"> <resultname="success">/success.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
5-Create success.jsp as given below:-

success.jsp
<%@pagelanguage="java"contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <%@taglibprefix="s"uri="/struts-tags"%> <!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <metahttp-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> Your Name is : <s:propertyvalue="name"/> </body></html>
Note :- You can create it in both either in src\struts.xml folder or WebContent\WEB-INF\classes\struts.xml like you can see in the given image below:-

figure : src\struts.xml folder

figure : WebContent\WEB-INF\classes\struts.xml

Note :-

When I use eclipse to develop struts2. I found the struts.xml file can be put in src folder or WebContent\WEB-INF\classes. Both paths are ok. What's the difference? what's better? Does different path affect the performance or other thing? Is there any other path for struts.xml file? And the web.xml only can be put in WebContent\WEB-INF ?Or any other path for web.xml?

Explanation:-

1- From the web app's standpoint, there's no difference: struts.xml is expected to be at the root of the classpath after deployment. How and when it gets there is irrelevant.

2- Putting the config file in the source directory is better, because you shouldn't need to manage the class directory itself. Tools like Maven move artifacts from a project's src/main/resources directory to the classpath. It won't move an XML file from src/main/java unless specifically configured to do so.

3- No.

4- You may override the default location. There's rarely a good reason to; so don't. If you're using multiple config files it's fine to put them in packages, but I'd leave them on the classpath.

5- That's a totally unrelated question, but it should stay in the default location, WEB-INF. WebContent is project-specific (Eclipse)–you'd need to configure the deployment/packaging process to find it.

Multiple Configuration File(struts.xml)

For a large application, it is better to use multiple configuration file that one so that it may be easy to manage the application. We can create many configuration files but we need to define it in the struts.xml file. The includesub-element of struts is used to define the supported configuration file.

Example :-

1- Create index.jsp
..... <body> <formaction="first/getName1.action"> Enter Your Name_For_First_sample:-<inputtype="text"name="name"> <inputtype="submit"value="ok1"> </form> <br> <formaction="second/getName2.action"> Enter Your Name_For_second_sample:-<inputtype="text"name="name"> <inputtype="submit"value="ok2"> </form> </body> .....
2- Create struts.xml:-
..... <struts> <constantname="struts.devMode"value="true"/> <packagename="anything"extends="struts-default"> </package> <includefile="second/struts_second.xml"></include> <includefile="first/struts-first.xml"></include> </struts> .....
3- Create WEB-INF/classes/first/struts-first.xml and WEB-INF/classes/second/struts_second.xml:-

[a]- Create WEB-INF/classes/first/struts-first.xml:-
..... <struts> <constantname="struts.devMode"value="true"/> <packagename="first"namespace="/first"extends="struts-default"> <actionname="getName1"class="com.jeetendra.javacoreconcept.Struts_Sample1"method="execute"> <resultname="success_1">/welcome.jsp</result> <resultname="failure_1">/error.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts> .....
[b]- Create WEB-INF/classes/second/struts_second.xml:-
..... <struts> <constantname="struts.devMode"value="true"/> <packagename="second"namespace="/second"extends="struts-default"> <actionname="getName2"class="com.jeetendra.javacoreconcept.Struts_Sample2"method="execute"> <resultname="success_2">/welcome.jsp</result> <resultname="failure_2">/error.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts> .....
4- Create Action Class For this struts-first.xml And struts_second.xml:-

[a]- Create Action Class For this struts-first.xml:-

Struts_Sample1.java:-
packagecom.jeetendra.javacoreconcept; publicclass Struts_Sample1 { public String name; public String execute(){ if(name.equals("Lal")){ return"success_1"; } else{ return"failure_1"; } }}
[b]- Create Action Class For this struts_second.xml:-

Struts_Sample2.java:-
packagecom.jeetendra.javacoreconcept; publicclass Struts_Sample2 { public String name; public String execute(){ if(name.equals("Jeetendra")){ return"success_2"; } else{ return"failure_2"; } }}
5- Create welcome.jsp:-
<%@pagelanguage="java"contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <metahttp-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> Welcome Page!!!! </body> </html>
6- Create error.jsp:-
<%@pagelanguage="java"contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> <!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <metahttp-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> Error Occured!!!!! </body> </html

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Tuesday, 14 January 2014